Accessibility helpSkip to navigationSkip to contentSkip to footer

Cookies on FT Sites

We use cookies for a number of reasons, such as keeping FT Sites reliable and secure, personalising content and ads, providing social media features and to analyse how our Sites are used.

Accept & continue
Manage cookies
  • Sign In
  • Subscribe
Open side navigation menuOpen search bar
Financial Times
SubscribeSign InmyFT
  • Home
  • World
    Sections
    • World Home
    • Global Economy
    • UK
    • US
    • China
    • Africa
    • Asia Pacific
    • Emerging Markets
    • Europe
    • War in Ukraine
    • Americas
    • Middle East & North Africa
    • Australia & NZ
    Most Read
    • Boris Johnson on the brink after Rishi Sunak and Sajid Javid quit UK cabinet
    • Crypto collapse reverberates widely among black American investors
    • Nadhim Zahawi: rapid rise of Britain’s new chancellor
    • Military briefing: how close is Russia to taking Donbas after the fall of Luhansk?
    • The truth starts to catch up with Boris Johnson
  • US
    Sections
    • US Home
    • US Economy
    • US Companies
    • US Politics & Policy
    Most Read
    • US bond market flashes warning signal of economic slowdown
    • Crypto collapse reverberates widely among black American investors
    • How the man behind the Apple Store presided over a Spac catastrophe
    • Archegos founder’s charity was financial ‘escape pod’, suit alleges
    • Oil prices turn sharply lower on fears recession will undercut demand
  • Companies
    Sections
    • Companies Home
    • Energy
    • Financials
    • Health
    • Industrials
    • Media
    • Professional Services
    • Retail & Consumer
    • Tech Sector
    • Telecoms
    • Transport
    Most Read
    • Warren Buffett-backed Chinese group BYD overtakes Tesla in global electric vehicle sales
    • How the man behind the Apple Store presided over a Spac catastrophe
    • Archegos founder’s charity was financial ‘escape pod’, suit alleges
    • BA flight cancellations and refuelling strikes set to bring more travel chaos
    • EY boosts accountancy title inflation by dubbing senior staff ‘partner’
  • Tech
  • Markets
    Sections
    • Markets Home
    • Alphaville
    • Markets Data
    • Capital Markets
    • Commodities
    • Currencies
    • Equities
    • Fund Management
    • Trading
    • Moral Money
    • ETF Hub
    • Cryptocurrencies
    Most Read
    • US bond market flashes warning signal of economic slowdown
    • Live news updates: China steps up Covid restrictions on growth of new clusters
    • Live news updates: Rishi Sunak says ‘standards are worth fighting for’
    • A soft landing is becoming a distant dream
    • Foreign investors dump record $33bn of Indian stocks since October
  • Climate
  • Opinion
    Sections
    • Opinion Home
    • Columnists
    • The FT View
    • The Big Read
    • Lex
    • Obituaries
    • Letters
    Most Read
    • This is the endgame for Boris Johnson — but it may not be quick
    • Cryptocurrencies are not the new monetary system we need
    • We must stop sleepwalking towards a surveillance state
    • A divided America can still lead the west
    • A soft landing is becoming a distant dream
  • Work & Careers
    Sections
    • Work & Careers Home
    • Business School Rankings
    • Business Education
    • Entrepreneurship
    • Recruitment
    • Business Books
    • Business Travel
    Most Read
    • Michael Lewis: ‘The thing that really works for Trump is: the system’s rigged’
    • Meet the founders with the boomerang factor
    • How can I move from being a specialist police detective to financial services?
    • British Rail: A New History — a timely reminder of how to run a railway
    • Pop-up leaders and flexible staff are ready for a new crisis
  • Life & Arts
    Sections
    • Life & Arts Home
    • Arts
    • Books
    • Food & Drink
    • FT Magazine
    • House & Home
    • Style
    • Travel
    • FT Globetrotter
    Most Read
    • Chess: Nepo wins Candidates again as Carlsen asks for new world title format
    • Swimsuits to make a splash in 
    • What to wear to the office when it’s too hot to wear anything
    • Should tenants be able to ask landlords for references?
    • Should you brave fuel queues and blackouts to keep holidaying in Sri Lanka?
  • HTSI
MenuSearch
  • Home
  • World
  • US
  • Companies
  • Tech
  • Markets
  • Climate
  • Opinion
  • Work & Careers
  • Life & Arts
  • HTSI
Financial Times
SubscribeSign In

Your guide to a disrupted world

Start a 4-week trial

Heather Grabbe

Add to myFT Digest

Add this topic to your myFT Digest for news straight to your inbox

  • Tuesday, 17 May, 2022
    Climate change
    The EU cannot be a green island in a dirty world

    Europe must help other countries to change their economic systems and reduce emissions

  • Monday, 16 October, 2017
    World16 min
    What progress in the exit talks?

    What progress has been made in the exit negotiations so far and what should Britain’s strategy be to get the best deal?

  • Monday, 23 May, 2016
    EU immigration
    Austria’s race to the right is a lesson to mainstream parties

    Vienna election result shows how the politics of fear can run out of control, says Heather Grabbe

  • Monday, 4 November, 2013
    Eurozone economy
    How not to fix the European Union’s democratic deficit

    A partisan president would weaken institutions – a captain can’t be a referee, says Heather Grabbe

Previous page You are on page 1 Next page

Useful links

Support

View Site TipsHelp CentreContact UsAbout UsAccessibilitymyFT TourCareers

Legal & Privacy

Terms & ConditionsPrivacy PolicyCookiesCopyrightSlavery Statement & Policies

Services

Share News Tips SecurelyIndividual SubscriptionsGroup SubscriptionsRepublishingExecutive Job SearchAdvertise with the FTFollow the FT on TwitterFT ChannelsSecondary Schools

Tools

PortfolioToday's Newspaper (ePaper)Alerts HubBusiness School RankingsEnterprise ToolsNews feedNewslettersCurrency Converter

Community & Events

FT CommunityFT LiveFT ForumsFT Board DirectorBoard Director Programme

More from the FT Group

Markets data delayed by at least 15 minutes. © THE FINANCIAL TIMES LTD 2022. FT and ‘Financial Times’ are trademarks of The Financial Times Ltd.
The Financial Times and its journalism are subject to a self-regulation regime under the FT Editorial Code of Practice.
Financial Times

International Edition

Subscribe for full access
  • Switch to UK Edition
  • Top sections
  • Home
  • World
    • Global Economy
    • UK
    • US
    • China
    • Africa
    • Asia Pacific
    • Emerging Markets
    • Europe
    • War in Ukraine
    • Americas
    • Middle East & North Africa
    • Australia & NZ
  • US
    • US Economy
    • US Companies
    • US Politics & Policy
  • Companies
    • Energy
    • Financials
    • Health
    • Industrials
    • Media
    • Professional Services
    • Retail & Consumer
    • Tech Sector
    • Telecoms
    • Transport
  • Tech
  • Markets
    • Alphaville
    • Markets Data
    • Capital Markets
    • Commodities
    • Currencies
    • Equities
    • Fund Management
    • Trading
    • Moral Money
    • ETF Hub
    • Cryptocurrencies
  • Climate
  • Opinion
    • Columnists
    • The FT View
    • The Big Read
    • Lex
    • Obituaries
    • Letters
  • Work & Careers
    • Business School Rankings
    • Business Education
    • Entrepreneurship
    • Recruitment
    • Business Books
    • Business Travel
  • Life & Arts
    • Arts
    • Books
    • Food & Drink
    • FT Magazine
    • House & Home
    • Style
    • Travel
    • FT Globetrotter
  • Personal Finance
    • Property & Mortgages
    • Investments
    • Pensions
    • Tax
    • Banking & Savings
    • Advice & Comment
    • Next Act
  • HTSI
  • Special Reports
  • FT recommends
  • Lex
  • Alphaville
  • Lunch with the FT
  • FT Globetrotter
  • #techAsia
  • Moral Money
  • FTfm
  • Newsletters
  • Video
  • Podcasts
  • News feed
  • FT Community
    • FT Live
    • FT Forums
    • Board Director Programme
  • myFT
  • Portfolio
  • Today's Newspaper (ePaper)
  • Crossword
  • Our Apps
  • Help Centre
  • Subscribe
  • Sign In