Key to the 2012 ranking:

MBA

European Rank 2012: position among European schools within the FT MBA 2012 ranking.

Salary today ($): average salary three years after graduation, US$ by pur­chasing power parity. Includes weighted data from the current and two previous years, if available.

Salary increase (%): percentage increase in average alumni salary pre-MBA to today, three years after graduation. Includes weighted data from the current and two previous years, if available.

EMBA

European rank 2012: position among European schools within the FT EMBA 2012 ranking.

Salary today ($): average salary three years after graduation, US$ PPP. Includes weighted data from the current and two previous years, if available.

Salary increase (%): percentage increase in average alumni salary pre-EMBA to today, three years after graduation. Includes weighted data from the current and two previous years, if available.

Masters in management

European rank 2012: position among European schools within the FT Masters in Management 2012 ranking.

Salary today ($): average masters in management alumni salary three years after graduation US$ PPP. Includes weighted data from the current and two previous years, if available.

Executive Education

Open programmes: European rank 2012: position among European schools within the FT Executive Education ranking of open-enrolment programmes in 2012.

Custom programmes: European rank 2012: position among European schools within the FT ranking of customised programmes in 2012.

Faculty

Female faculty (%): percentage of female faculty.

International faculty (%): percentage of faculty whose citizenship differs from their country of employment.

Faculty with doctorates (%): percentage of faculty with a doctoral degree.

The Financial Times ranking of European business schools, now in its ninth year, assesses the combined performance of Europe’s leading schools over four FT rankings in 2012: full-time MBA, executive MBA, masters in management, and non-degree executive education programmes. The masters in finance rankings are not included.

This ranking is a measure of both the quality and breadth of European schools’ programmes. It is calculated according to equal weighting of school performances in the four rankings, each accounting for 25 per cent of the total score. For executive education, however, rankings of customised and open-enrolment programmes account for 12.5 per cent respectively.

While any school that participates in all rankings is eligible for a full score, a school that takes part in one ranking will be eligible for only a quarter of the total. Those that took part in only one ranking with a degree offered jointly with other schools are not eligible.

Schools that met all criteria to be ranked but were placed outside of the published table (the top 100 for MBA programmes, for example) are reinsta­ted, and re-based tables comprising only European schools are created for each ranking. Programmes are awarded an indexed score, relative to their performance compared with all European programmes in that ranking. This score is then awarded to the school.

If ranked on the basis of a joint programme, a school receives a share of the score awarded proportionate to the number of partner schools. Should a school be represented by two or more programmes within one ranking, a combined weighted score is awarded to the school. Where schools did not participate in a given ranking, a score of zero is awarded.

It is important to note that scores are not calculated from aggregation of published ranking positions. They are instead calculated according to Z-scores – mathematical formulae that reflect the range of scores below the top and bottom school – for individual criteria used to compose each ranking. The constituent rankings are calculated according to differing criteria and weightings, each explained in respective methodologies. Owing to limited space, only selected, heavily weighted criteria are displayed in this combined table.

Indexed scores awarded for each ranking are added together, according to the equal weighting outlined above, creating a combined total for each school. This is then divided by the number of rankings in which a school is represented to calculate an average score – a derived measure of each school’s quality. This is subsequently added to the combined total score to generate each school’s final score, from which they are ultimately ranked in descending order.

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Judith Pizer of Jeff Head Associates acted as the FT’s database consultant. The FT research rank was calculated using Scopus, an abstract and citation database of research literature.

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