Adel Lofti stands outside his home in Al Nada, a luxurious gated compound near Cairo, inhaling deeply. "Here you can breathe better, you can be healthy," he says. "In the city I got headaches because of the pollution, but here I am relaxed. There is no stress."

Mr Lofti runs Al Nada, one of a growing number of high-end developments on the desert fringes of the capital that have been attracting wealthier Egyptians away from the noise and pollution of the city.