There has never been a more critical time to ensure that mining contributes to long-lasting development. Soaring metals and minerals prices are bringing billions of dollars in tax revenues to mineral-endowed countries throughout the developing world, enhancing prospects for economic growth. It is essential that these windfall funds are used effectively for community development. This challenge is global.

International mining companies, including state-owned companies from emerging economies, are increasing their investment in poor countries as mines in richer regions approach the end of their useful lives and China and India search for new sources of energy and minerals to fuel their growth. Equally, popular pressure is mounting in poor mineral states that have yet to demonstrate to their citizens that foreign direct investment can generate economic and social benefits.