A small girl enters the single room of her grandparents' cramped house in a suburb of the Indonesian city of Tangerang and runs behind a motorbike to hide. A scrawny seven-year-old in a pink dress, Mutiara has lost her appetite and proved irritable, fearful and difficult since she fell ill a year ago. But at least she is alive.

I sit on a mat on the floor with her youthful mother, Chusuaeni, sipping sweet, milky coffee while a ceiling fan takes futile chops at the humid air. Chusuaeni is explaining what happened after Mutiara suffered from a high temperature and she took her to the local clinic. "At first, the doctor said it was ordinary flu and he gave us three types of medicine. She took them, but after four days she began having difficulty breathing."