When presidents Barack Obama and Dmitry Medvedev met on Monday for their first major summit, the main agenda items were arms control and Iran, and progress was made on the former, at least. This may encourage those who believe these issues can be dealt with in isolation from other challenges to US-Russia relations.

As someone who has been familiar with the country for the past 15 years, I believe that approach ignores fundamental differences between Russia today and most other nations. Simply put, Russia is not a “state” as we understand it. Government institutions have been taken over as conduits for private interests, some of them criminal. Property rights no longer exist, people who are supposed to enforce the law are breaking it, innocent people are victimised and courts have turned into political tools.