Glossary
 
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leverage
see gearing

leveraged buy-out
Raising of funds to buy out a company, the company's assets being used as collateral for the borrowing. Theloans are repaid from the company’s cash flow or by selling its assets.See also management buy-out

liabilities
The debts of a company and claims against it; the opposite of assets.

Libid and Libor
Libid is the London interbank bid rate, the rate that abank is willing to pay for funds in the international interbank market; Libor is the London interbank offered rate, the rate at which banksoffer to lend funds in this market. The average of the two is Limean. Inpractice, Libor is much the most frequently quoted.

life assurance
Assures the payment of agreed sums of money on agiven date or on death, in return for the payment of regular premiums.

Liffe
London International Financial Futures and OptionsExchange.

liquidation
Process which brings a company's existence to an endafter distributing its assets. A liquidator is the insolvency practitionerwho winds up a company.

liquidity
The proportion of cash in a company's assets; also assets that are easily capable of being turned into cash. A measure of the short term financial health of the business. In financial markets, a measure of the volume of trading.

loan capital
Part of a company's capital made up of loans from outside the company. Loan stock is stock issued against loans, either unsecured loan stock or debenture stock; the latter is secured by acharge on assets.

Lombard rate
The rate at which the Bundesbank, the German centralbank, lends funds to banks as short-term credit. It is normally at least 1percentage point above the discount rate and is regarded as animportant international indicator.

long
Investors are long if they have bought shares but not yetarranged an offsetting sale. See also short.

Long term debt
Represents all interest-bearing financial obligations,excluding amounts due within one year.


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